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What’s a Spider? Designation of the Neotype for the First Animal Species Ever Described, Araneus angulatus Clerck 1757 (Araneae: Araneidae)

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  What’s a Spider? Designation of the Neotype for the First Animal Species Ever Described, Araneus angulatus Clerck 1757 (Araneae: Araneidae) Abstract We designate a neotype for the Eurasian spider species Araneus angulatus Clerck, 1757, thereby fixing the objective application of the species name, the genus name Araneus Clerck 1757, the family name Araneidae Clerck 1757, and the superfamily name Araneoidea Clerck 1757. By etymology and arachnological tradition, it also unofficially fixes the application of the ordinal name Araneae Clerck 1757 and thus answers the uncontroversial question, “What’s a spider?” A. angulatus also happens to be historically the first animal species ever described because Clerck (1757) has priority over Linnaeus (1758). Neotype designation is justified for three reasons: the syntypes of A. angulatus are lost; “ A. angulatus ” contains significant COI sequence divergence, potentially representing intraspecific variation, misidentifications, or as many...

Climatic and density-dependent drivers of population dynamics in a hazardous urban scorpion species over seven years

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Multidimensional toxicity of snake venom causes multi-organ damage and treatment challenges: a narrative review

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Structural determinants of the scorpion venom peptide Uy234 reveal a membrane-disruptive mechanism in bacterial ESKAPE pathogens

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Letter to the Editor: A Case Report of Delayed, Severe, Paroxysmal Muscle Cramping After Chilean Rose Tarantula (Grammostola rosea) Envenomation

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Severe Viper Envenomation: A Case Report From Portugal

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A New Species of the Medically Important Scorpion Genus Hemiscorpius Peters, 1861 (Hemiscorpiidae Pocock, 1893) from Kurdistan, Iraq

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Clinical Case Reports on Black Krait (Bungarus niger/lividus) Neurotoxic Snakebites in Assam, Northeast India

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Severe venom-induced consumption coagulopathy, snakebite-associated thrombotic microangiopathy, and local necrosis following Western Bush Viper (Atheris chlorechis) envenoming in France

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Portal vein thrombosis as a clinical dilemma in Echis carinatus envenomation: a case report and review of the literature

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The Venom Proteome and Immunorecognition Profile of Clinically Important Echis carinatus sochureki from Northwestern India Underscores the Need for Regionally Specific Antivenoms

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Retrospective Comparison of Empiric Antivenom vs. Expectant Treatment for Eastern Coral Snakebites

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Holistic Therapy in a Patient with Necrotic Ulcer Caused by the Bite of Brazilian Wandering Spider: A Case Report of Challenging Treatment with Combined Therapies

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Botulinum neurotoxin A alleviates Deinagkistrodon acutus venom-induced limb injury through promoting macrophage polarization in rabbits

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Influence of the ABO system on the hemolytic activity of medically relevant Loxosceles venoms in Brazil

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Scorpion Envenoming in Ecuador: District-Level Risk, Updated Scorpion Diversity, and Challenges for Treatment and Public Health

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The recombinant protein of scorpion venom phospholipase A2 exhibits potential anti-leishmanial activity

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From sting to pacemaker: a case of complete heart block following yellow scorpion envenomation—a case report

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Molecular Mechanisms of Efficacy Variation in Antivenoms: Insights from a Malayan Pit Viper (Calloselasma rhodostoma) Bite in Vietnam

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Snakebites by Bothrops taeniatus: characteristics of snakebites involving a rare venomous snake in Brazil

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