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What’s a Spider? Designation of the Neotype for the First Animal Species Ever Described, Araneus angulatus Clerck 1757 (Araneae: Araneidae)

  What’s a Spider? Designation of the Neotype for the First Animal Species Ever Described, Araneus angulatus Clerck 1757 (Araneae: Araneidae) Abstract We designate a neotype for the Eurasian spider species Araneus angulatus Clerck, 1757, thereby fixing the objective application of the species name, the genus name Araneus Clerck 1757, the family name Araneidae Clerck 1757, and the superfamily name Araneoidea Clerck 1757. By etymology and arachnological tradition, it also unofficially fixes the application of the ordinal name Araneae Clerck 1757 and thus answers the uncontroversial question, “What’s a spider?” A. angulatus also happens to be historically the first animal species ever described because Clerck (1757) has priority over Linnaeus (1758). Neotype designation is justified for three reasons: the syntypes of A. angulatus are lost; “ A. angulatus ” contains significant COI sequence divergence, potentially representing intraspecific variation, misidentifications, or as many...

What’s a Spider? Designation of the Neotype for the First Animal Species Ever Described, Araneus angulatus Clerck 1757 (Araneae: Araneidae)

A new species of the web-inhabiting bug genus Heissophila Schuh (Hemiptera, Plokiophilidae) from China, with notes on host associations for the genus

Overview of antivenom allocation and use for snakebites in the Brazilian Amazon

Venom detectives: a sandwich ELISA platform for precision diagnosis of snakebite envenoming

Differentiation in ant-eating spiders based on offensive and defensive exploitation of ants

Occurrence of Lychas armillatus (Gervais, 1841) (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in a fire-maintained pine forest in Central Cordillera, Luzon Island, the Philippines

First catalog of spiders of Libya (Araneae)

A new species of the orb-weaving spider genus Eriophora (Araneae: Araneidae) from the Neotropical region

First Description of the Male of Zelotes sindi Caporiacco, 1934 (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) With Its Phylogenetic Placement

First Photographic Record and Morphometric Analysis of a Tailless Whip Scorpion (Sarax cf. bengalensis) from Jharkhand, India

A new species of Chaerilus Simon, 1877 from the island of Koh Pha Ngan, Thailand (Scorpiones: Chaerilidae)

The Phenotypic Plasticity of Animal Venoms

Spider venom: Reprogramming nature's peptide arsenal for future therapeutics

Behavioral evidence for two-stage sleep in spiders

A new species of Liocheles Sundevall, 1833 (Scorpiones: Hormuridae) from Similipal Tiger Reserve, Odisha, India

Extreme ocularium reduction in Gonyleptidae: A new genus of Tricommatinae from the northeastern Brazilian Atlantic Forest (Opiliones: Laniatores)

Introducing the Asociación Ibérica de Aracnología (ASOCIACIÓN IBÉRICA DE ARACNOLOGÍA)

The Clinical Phenotype of Green Pit Viper (Trimeresurus spp.) Envenomation: A Comprehensive Review

Comparison of predictive models for estimating scorpion, snake, and spider envenomation under warming scenarios in São Paulo State, Brazil

A review of the genus Platydialepis Haupt (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae) of China, with description of four new species and key to the species