A new locality record of Calchas anlasi Yağmur, Soleglad, Fet & Kovařík, 2013 from Hakkari Province, Turkey (Scorpiones, Iuridae, Calchinae)

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  A new locality record of Calchas anlasi Yağmur, Soleglad, Fet & Kovařík, 2013 from Hakkari Province, Turkey (Scorpiones, Iuridae, Calchinae) Abstract Abstract Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the distribution limits of the Calchas anlasi Yağmur, Soleglad, Fet & Kovařík, 2013. Method: The specimen was collected from under the stone and preserved in 96% alcohol. After being photographed with a digital camera, image stacking was performed using Helicon focus software. After the photographic procedures summarized by Yağmur, the specimen is kept in the Celal Bayar University Zoology Museum (AZMM). Findings: As a result of the examination of the specimen obtained from Derecik District of Hakkari, it was seen that it has a female and 6-6 pectinal teeth structure. Conclusion: In the present study, a sixth population of C. anlasi is recorded, extending its known distribution eastward by approximately 70 km. Yeşilyurt, F., & Yağmur, E. A. (2026). A new locality re...

Stronger El Niños reduce tropical forest arthropod diversity and function

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Stronger El Niños reduce tropical forest arthropod diversity and function

Abstract

There is ongoing debate about the vulnerability of arthropods to climate change1,2. Long-term impacts of climate change on arthropod communities could manifest through short-term weather patterns3. Arthropods in the tropics are hyper-diverse4,5 and contribute many crucial ecosystem functions6,7, but are comparatively less studied than in temperate regions1,8,9. Tropical forest arthropods and the functions that they provide may be vulnerable to intensified El Niño events under climate change10,11,12. Here we perform time-series analysis of data from primary tropical forests, which reveal long-term declines in arthropod diversity and function that were linked to El Niño occurrence. In the Americas, species losses correlated with El Niño sensitivity, and abundant species fluctuated according to feeding traits and level of ecological specialization. Parallel declines in butterflies in Southeast Asia suggested that impacts spanned continents. Predicted arthropod diversity changes correlated with observed rates of invertebrate-mediated decomposition and leaf herbivory, which were oscillating and crashing, respectively, across the tropics. Our analyses suggest that an intensified El Niño immediately threatens tropical forest arthropods and the ecosystem functions that they provide. The broader consequences remain unknown, but such widespread changes could fundamentally alter tropical forest ecosystems13. Long-term monitoring of arthropod diversity and forest functioning across the tropics is paramount, as is researching the potential mechanisms that underly this novel threat.

Sharp, A.C., Boyle, M.J.W., Bonebrake, T.C. et al. Stronger El Niños reduce tropical forest arthropod diversity and function. Nature (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09351-x