Spatial Scale Modulates the Effect of Habitat Amount on Diversity Patterns of Arachnid Assemblages Across Different Brazilian Ecosystems

  Spatial Scale Modulates the Effect of Habitat Amount on Diversity Patterns of Arachnid Assemblages Across Different Brazilian Ecosystems ABSTRACT Aim We evaluated how native vegetation cover influences the diversity of arachnid assemblages across multiple spatial scales in major Brazilian ecosystems. Location Brazil (Amazon and Atlantic rainforests, Cerrado savanna and Caatinga dry forest). Taxon Arachnida (Opiliones, Pseudoscorpiones and Scorpiones). Methods We sampled arachnids at 120 sites using active search and litter sifting. Native vegetation cover was quantified at three spatial scales (100, 200 and 300 m buffers) using GIS data. Assemblage structure was assessed using abundance, species richness, and Hill numbers ( q  = 0, 1 and 2). Generalized linear mixed models were used to evaluate responses across taxonomic groups and ecosystems. Results We recorded 3986 individuals from 179 species. Diversity responses to native vegetation cover were taxon-, ecosystem- and scale-de...

The almost unknown scorpion fauna (Arachnida: Scorpiones) of El Salvador, Central America

 

The almost unknown scorpion fauna (Arachnida: Scorpiones) of El Salvador, Central America

Abstract (EN)

The scorpions from Republic of El Salvador, Central America, have been poorly studied. The present work confirms the presence of at least six species in this country: Didymocentrus krausi Francke, 1978 (Diplocentridae), and five species belonging to the genus Centruroides Marx, 1899 (Buthidae), including the first records for Centruroides koesteri Kraepelin, 1911, Centruroides tapachulaensis Hoffmann, 1932, and an unidentified species of the thorellii species-group. Centruroides tapachulaensis had been confused with Centruroides edwardsii (Gervais, 1843), Centruroides gracilis (Latreille, 1804) and Centruroides margaritatus (Gervais, 1841). None of five nominal identified species are Salvadoran endemism. A taxonomical key is included for the identification of these six scorpion species. Most of the new records were made based on available data on the iNaturalist citizen science website.

Resumen (ES)

Los escorpiones de la República de El Salvador, Centroamérica, han sido muy poco estudiados. En el presente trabajo, se confirma para este país la presencia de al menos seis especies: Didymocentrus krausi Francke, 1978 (Diplocentridae) y cinco del género Centruroides Marx, 1899 (Buthidae), incluidos los primeros registros de Centruroides koesteri Kraepelin, 1911, Centruroides tapachulaensis Hoffmann, 1932 y una especie no identificada del grupo thorellii. En el caso de C. tapachulaensis, había sido previamente confundida con Centruroides edwardsii (Gervais, 1843), Centruroides gracilis (Latreille, 1804) y Centruroides margaritatus (Gervais, 1841). Ninguna de estas especies constituye un endemismo salvadoreño. Se incluye una clave taxonómica para la identificación de las seis especies nominales. La mayoría de los registros se realizaron a partir de la información contenida en el sitio web de ciencia ciudadana iNaturalist.

Acknowledgment

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Luis F. de Armas for kindly providing me with his latest manuscript and for consistently keeping me informed of his most recent research, publications, and contributions to arachnology. I am especially appreciative of his continued communication, generosity in sharing his work, and, above all, his friendship. His collegiality and willingness to exchange knowledge are always sincerely valued and greatly appreciated.

Agradecimiento

Quisiera expresar mi más sincero agradecimiento a Luis F. de Armas por haber tenido la gentileza de compartir conmigo su manuscrito más reciente y por mantenerme siempre al tanto de sus últimos trabajos, publicaciones y contribuciones a la aracnología. Aprecio especialmente su constante comunicación, su generosidad al compartir su trabajo y, sobre todo, su amistad. Su compañerismo, cordialidad y disposición para intercambiar conocimientos son cualidades que valoro profundamente y por las cuales le estaré siempre agradecido.