Qualitative and Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Venoms from Mexican Rattlesnakes

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  Qualitative and Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Venoms from Mexican Rattlesnakes Abstract Despite the vast biodiversity of Mexican vipers, venom of endemic species has been barely studied. Here we analyzed the venom composition of three endemic species of rattlesnakes: Crotalus aquilus , C. triseriatus , and C. ravus . We used quantitative chromato-mass-spectrometry and compared venoms with C. molossus , a species commonly found in North America, in a comparative and phylogenetic framework. In total, we identified 165 proteins grouped in 19 main protein families, consistent with previous reports for viperid venoms. In C. aquilus and C. triseriatus , the most predominant protein-family type was Serine Proteases, and in C. triseriatus and C. molossus it was Snake Venom Metalloproteases. The Label-free quantification revealed a high proportion of Snake Venom Metalloproteases in C. aquilus , C. triseriatus , and C. molossus , reaching 28–47% of the total venom. In contrast, in ...

A New Species of the Lynx Spider Genus Hamataliwa Keyserling, 1887 (Araneae: Oxyopidae) from Meghalaya, India

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A New Species of the Lynx Spider Genus Hamataliwa Keyserling, 1887 (Araneae: Oxyopidae) from Meghalaya, India

Abstract

Hamataliwa Keyserling, 1887 is the second most species-rich genus within the family Oxyopidae Thorell, 1869. Members of this genus are typically smaller than other oxyopids and are characterised by relatively drab body colouration, macrosetae on the legs and opisthosoma, and weakly developed posterior leg pairs. In this study, we describe a new species of lynx spider, Hamataliwa mawlyngot sp. nov. (♀♂), from Mawlyngot, a small village in East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, India. The species is documented with a detailed morphological description, and micrographs of the habitus and genitalia. This represents the first report of the genus from Meghalaya and highlights the need for thorough surveys to unveil many more species of this foliage-dwelling genus in the future.

Bhattacharya, U., Sudhin, P.P. & Sen, S. A New Species of the Lynx Spider Genus Hamataliwa Keyserling, 1887 (Araneae: Oxyopidae) from Meghalaya, India. Natl. Acad. Sci. Lett. (2026). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40009-026-02315-3