Distributional Notes on Three Wolf Spider Species (Araneae: Lycosidae) Recorded for the First Time in Diyala Province, Iraq

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  Distributional Notes on Three Wolf Spider Species (Araneae: Lycosidae) Recorded for the First Time in Diyala Province, Iraq Abstract This study presents new distributional data for three wolf spider species (Araneae: Lycosidae) from Diyala Province in eastern Iraq. Specimens were gathered from different districts and habitats between July 2025 and June 2026. The species Arctosa tbilisiensis Mcheidze, 1946, Lycosa piochardi Simon, 1876, and Wadicosa fidelis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) are recorded for the first time in Diyala, extending their known ranges within Iraq. The paper describes key diagnostic morphological features and includes information about the examined specimens and their local distributions. These findings improve knowledge of the distribution of Iraqi Lycosidae and reveal that Diyala Province, despite its habitat variety, remains insufficiently studied. The records serve as a valuable baseline for future taxonomic, faunistic, and ecological research on spiders i...

The Dose Makes the Cure: Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of Peruvian Snake Venoms

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The Dose Makes the Cure: Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of Peruvian Snake Venoms

Abstract

For decades, snake venom has been studied for its diverse array of biological properties. From the isolation of various biomolecules, it has been possible to obtain resources for the development of therapeutic tools for a wide variety of medical conditions. This work compiles findings from multiple studies conducted on the subject, focusing specifically on the biomolecules from the four genera of venomous snakes found in Peru—Bothrops, Crotalus, Lachesis, and Micrurus—to highlight their importance as resources for biotechnological research. It presents information on metalloproteases, disintegrins, phospholipases A2, L-amino acid oxidases, serine proteases, and other biomolecules isolated from different species of these genera, describing their characteristics and potential applications in the development of therapeutic tools to treat a wide range of ailments, such as microbial and viral infections, various types of pain, and cancer, among others. Lastly, it briefly outlines several suggestions for the conservation and protection of these species, in hopes of expressing gratitude toward the natural sources that provide these valuable resources.

Quispe Vidal, G. (2026). The Dose Makes the Cure: Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of Peruvian Snake Venoms. Research Archive of Rising Scholars. Preprint. https://doi.org/10.58445/rars.3550