Qualitative and Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Venoms from Mexican Rattlesnakes

Posted by
  Qualitative and Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Venoms from Mexican Rattlesnakes Abstract Despite the vast biodiversity of Mexican vipers, venom of endemic species has been barely studied. Here we analyzed the venom composition of three endemic species of rattlesnakes: Crotalus aquilus , C. triseriatus , and C. ravus . We used quantitative chromato-mass-spectrometry and compared venoms with C. molossus , a species commonly found in North America, in a comparative and phylogenetic framework. In total, we identified 165 proteins grouped in 19 main protein families, consistent with previous reports for viperid venoms. In C. aquilus and C. triseriatus , the most predominant protein-family type was Serine Proteases, and in C. triseriatus and C. molossus it was Snake Venom Metalloproteases. The Label-free quantification revealed a high proportion of Snake Venom Metalloproteases in C. aquilus , C. triseriatus , and C. molossus , reaching 28–47% of the total venom. In contrast, in ...

On the synonymization of Lipocrea and Lariniaria with Larinia (Araneae: Araneidae) using molecular systematics

Posted by

 

By Akio Tanikawa - http://spider.fun.cx/okinawa/List.htm, CC BY-SA 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3513715

On the synonymization of Lipocrea and Lariniaria with Larinia (Araneae: Araneidae) using molecular systematics

Abstract
Molecular phylogenetic analyses, Bayesian inference and Maximum Likelihood, were conducted using datasets of five genes to assess the validity of the genera Lipocrea Thorell 1878 and Lariniaria Grasshoff 1970. While the genus Larinia Simon 1874 sensu lato was initially suspected to be polyphyletic, the results showed that the target species of this study, including the ones of Lipocrea and Lariniaria, formed a monophyletic group. Thus, both genera should be considered junior synonyms of Larinia as a separation from the latter is unnecessary. Nonetheless, the analysis reaffirmed concerns regarding the potential polyphyly of Larinia sensu lato and indicated the need for further investigation. 
Akio Tanikawa, Thanakron Into, Booppa Petcharad, On the synonymization of Lipocrea and Lariniaria with Larinia (Araneae: Araneidae) using molecular systematics, Acta Arachnologica, 2025, Volume 74, Issue 2, Pages 85-89, Released on J-STAGE December 11, 2025, Online ISSN 1880-7852, Print ISSN 0001-5202, https://doi.org/10.2476/asjaa.74.85, https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/asjaa/74/2/74_85/_article/-char/en