Venom composition of the Iberian adder (Vipera seoanei) from northern Portugal reveals limited sex and size variation

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  Venom composition of the Iberian adder (Vipera seoanei) from northern Portugal reveals limited sex and size variation Abstract Snake venom is a complex and dynamic ecological trait, with high potential for intraspecific variation. In this study, the venom composition of the Iberian adder ( Vipera seoanei ) from the Peneda Mountains of northern Portugal was investigated to explore whether venom varies with body size and sex. Venom proteomes from six individuals representing juvenile, subadult, and adult males and females were characterised using LC–MS/MS, while individual variation was assessed from SDS–PAGE profiles of 18 snakes. LC–MS/MS identified 144 proteins, dominated by phospholipases A 2 (PLA 2 ), snake venom serine proteases (svSP), and C-type lectin-related proteins (CTL). Descriptive comparisons revealed contrasting individual profiles, particularly between the juvenile male, characterised by high svSP and svMP abundance, and the juvenile female, characterised by high ...

Taxonomic redescription of Tityus (Tityus) proseni Abalos 1954 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) and first record for the departments of Beni and Santa Cruz - Bolivia

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Taxonomic redescription of Tityus (Tityus) proseni Abalos 1954 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) and first record for the departments of Beni and Santa Cruz - Bolivia

Abstract

In 1954 Abalos described the species Tityus proseni with specimens found in Cochabamba-Bolivia, however, since then the data of the species have not been updated. New specimens were recently captured from the departments of Beni and Santa Cruz - Bolivia. In order to carry out a detailed redescription and expansion of the distribution data of the species in Bolivia, these were reviewed according to: its external morphology, pigmentation patterns and morphometric data. The data resulting from the analysis provide new characters for the species, not contemplated in the original description, new ranges in morphometric variables previously analyzed, new data on pigmentation patterns. On the other hand, the differential morphological and morphometric data of T. proseni with those of T. argentinus and T. sorataensis are presented, since they are apparently similar species within the country.

Humboldt-Paputsachis, Ciro, Villarreal-Carvajal, Jeysa Camila, & Fortún Fernández, Evelin Esther. (2025). Taxonomic redescription of Tityus (Tityus) proseni Abalos 1954 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) and first record for the departments of Beni and Santa Cruz - Bolivia. Journal of the Selva Andina Research Society , 16 (2), 81-91. Epub 2025 Aug 31. https://doi.org/10.36610/j.jsars.20252326