Harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones) as Overlooked Predators of Anurans in the Neotropics

  Harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones) as Overlooked Predators of Anurans in the Neotropics ABSTRACT Arthropods are traditionally viewed as invertebrate prey and as predators of other invertebrates, whereas vertebrates are typically considered their predators. However, this paradigm has increasingly been challenged, particularly among arachnids. While several invertebrates are well documented as frog predators, the capacity of particular groups, such as harvestmen (Opiliones), to prey on vertebrates has remained largely anecdotal. Here we report novel field observations of anuran predation by multiple Cranaidae harvestman species across several Neotropical localities. These records include the active capture and consumption of live frogs, demonstrating their role as opportunistic mesopredators. Our findings expand current knowledge of Opiliones ecology by confirming that vertebrate predation occurs across multiple species and localities. Our results suggest that vertebrate consumption...

Revision of the Ecuadorian Microstigmatidae (Araneae: Mygalomorphae), with the description of six new species

 


Revision of the Ecuadorian Microstigmatidae (Araneae: Mygalomorphae), with the description of six new species

Abstract

The small mygalomorph family Microstigmatidae Roewer, 1942 from Ecuador is reviewed, and images of the blind cave species, Spelocteniza ashmolei Gertsch, 1982 are presented. Six new species are described, and one new genus is erected: Pseudonemesia scutata sp. nov. (), Spelocteniza pampenita sp. nov. (♀), Spelocteniza zuninoi sp. nov. (), and Pastaza gen. nov., Pastaza aureliae gen. et sp. nov. (♀), Pastaza roberti gen. et sp. nov. (♀) and Pastaza vegai gen. et sp. nov. (♂). SEM images of the cuticle and tarsal organ of all genera are provided, and finally, the presently recognised diagnostic characteristics of the family are discussed.

Dupérré, N., & Tapia, E. (2025). Revision of the Ecuadorian Microstigmatidae (Araneae: Mygalomorphae), with the description of six new species. European Journal of Taxonomy, 1007(1), 87–132. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1007.2999