Qualitative and Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Venoms from Mexican Rattlesnakes

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  Qualitative and Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Venoms from Mexican Rattlesnakes Abstract Despite the vast biodiversity of Mexican vipers, venom of endemic species has been barely studied. Here we analyzed the venom composition of three endemic species of rattlesnakes: Crotalus aquilus , C. triseriatus , and C. ravus . We used quantitative chromato-mass-spectrometry and compared venoms with C. molossus , a species commonly found in North America, in a comparative and phylogenetic framework. In total, we identified 165 proteins grouped in 19 main protein families, consistent with previous reports for viperid venoms. In C. aquilus and C. triseriatus , the most predominant protein-family type was Serine Proteases, and in C. triseriatus and C. molossus it was Snake Venom Metalloproteases. The Label-free quantification revealed a high proportion of Snake Venom Metalloproteases in C. aquilus , C. triseriatus , and C. molossus , reaching 28–47% of the total venom. In contrast, in ...

Pamirosa gen. nov., unexpected record of Artoriinae (Araneae, Lycosidae) from the rooftop of Pamir, Central Asia

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Pamirosa gen. nov., unexpected record of Artoriinae (Araneae, Lycosidae) from the rooftop of Pamir, Central Asia

Abstract

A new monotypic genus, Pamirosa gen. nov. with the type species P. kudratbekovi sp. nov. (♂♀), is described from Pamir Mountains in eastern Tajikistan. The new genus represents the first record of the mainly Austrolasian subfamily Artoriinae Framenau, 2007 in Central Asia. It differs from all known genera of Artoriinae, as well as from all other lycosids, by having a unique spiraled embolus and epigyne with screw-shaped membranous copulatory ducts unknown in other wolf spiders. The new species was collected among stone screes at an elevation of 4700 meters. Unlike all other Palaearctic lycosids inhabiting stony screes and possessing four or more pairs of ventral tibial spines on leg I, Pamirosa gen. nov. has only three pairs. Description, figures, diagnosis of the new species, and a photograph of its habitat are provided. Additionally, the distribution of scree-dwelling Lycosidae in Asia is discussed.

Fomichev AA, Omelko MM, Marusik YM (2024) Pamirosa gen. nov., unexpected record of Artoriinae (Araneae, Lycosidae) from the rooftop of Pamir, Central Asia. Zoosystematics and Evolution 100(3): 1005-1015. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.100.123331