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Ziyuglycoside I Attenuates Deinagkistrodon acutus Venom–Induced Injury in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells by Modulating PAR1–NLRP3–IL-1β Signaling

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  Ziyuglycoside I Attenuates Deinagkistrodon acutus Venom–Induced Injury in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells by Modulating PAR1–NLRP3–IL-1β Signaling Abstract Introduction Sanguisorba officinalis L. ( Di Yu ) has traditionally been used for snakebite treatment. Ziyuglycoside I, a major bioactive constituent of Di Yu , exhibits anti-inflammatory activity, but its role in snake venom-associated renal injury remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate its potential protective effects against Deinagkistrodon acutus venom (DAV)-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury in vitro. Methods HK-2 cells were exposed to DAV to establish an in vitro renal tubular epithelial injury model. Cellular metabolic activity and intracellular ATP levels were assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 and CellTiter-Glo assays, respectively. DAV-induced molecular alterations were examined by transcriptomic sequencing, bioinformatic analysis, western blotting, and qRT-PCR. PAR1 knockdown and pharmacological...

Phase response curve and RNA-sequencing demonstrate spiders’ sensitivity to light and pinpoint candidate light-responsive genes

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The Arachnological Collection (Chelicerata, Arachnida) at the Federal University of Bahia, Brazil: taxonomic status, temporal patterns, geographic coverage and data availability

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Novel Biochemical Findings from Bothrops marajoensis Venom

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The Asian Dragon Puzzle: how multiple dispersal events have shaped the evolutionary history of Eastern Asian dragon pseudoscorpions (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Allochthonius)

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New records and invasion risk of Stenochrus portoricensis Chamberlin, 1922 (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae) in Brazil

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Distribution of scorpions (arachnida: scorpiones) according to inaturalist observations in Panama

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Targeting snake venom metalloproteinases: structural diversity, molecular pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions

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Taxonomy Takes Time: Shortcuts to Synonymy

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Revision of Bermejoa panguana Portela & Ríos-Tamayo 2025 and Vitriemboli herzogi (Gabriel, Sherwood & Pérez-Miles 2023) (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae)

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Venom Before Specialisation? A Layered Assessment of Early Venom Evolution in Lizards and Snakes

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Scorpio basraensis sp. n. from southern Iraq (Scorpiones: Scorpionidae)

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Fundamental Niche Conservatism in the Geographic-Range-Expanding Specialist Zodarion rubidum (Zodariidae, Araneae)

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Venom Mass Fingerprints for Species Delimitation, Reloaded: A Test Case with Italian Scorpions (Euscorpius)

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The development of the Taipan Antivenom – An Australian story from Far North Queensland

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Morphometrical Variation in Buthus tunetanus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from Tunisia

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Description of two new species of Surazomus Reddell & Cokendolpher, 1995 (Arachnida: Schizomida: Pedipalpi) for Northern Brazil

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