Evidence of Xysticus ulmi (Hahn) (Araneae: Thomisidae) Predation on Adult Cassida viridis Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

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  Evidence of Xysticus ulmi (Hahn) (Araneae: Thomisidae) Predation on Adult Cassida viridis Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Tortoise beetles (Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae) have several morphological and behavioral antipredator traits. For example, the soft larvae accumulate their feces and exuviae from previous instars to create a so-called “fecal shield” (Engel 1936; Kosior 1975), which functions as a defense against many predator guilds (Eisner and Eisner 2000; Eisner et al. 1968; Vencl et al. 1999, 2005; Vencl and Srygley 2013). Adults are characterized by their explanate and well-sclerotized pronota and elytra, which cover all soft parts of the body, thereby forming a tortoise-shaped shield (Buzzi 1988; Engel 1936; Jolivet 1997; Jolivet and Verma 2002; Selman 1988; Windsor et al. 1992) (Fig. 1A). Furthermore, the adults are known for their ability to grip firmly to surfaces with both tarsal claws and pads, which renders them difficult to capture (Buzzi 1988; Engel 1936; Joliv...

A robust genome assembly with transcriptomic data from the striped bark scorpion, Centruroides vittatus

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A robust genome assembly with transcriptomic data from the striped bark scorpion, Centruroides vittatus

Abstract

Scorpions, a seemingly primitive, stinging arthropod taxa, are known to exhibit marked diversity in their venom components. These venoms are known for their human pathology, but they are also important as models for therapeutic and drug development applications. In this study, we report a high-quality genome assembly and annotation of the striped bark scorpion, Centruroides vittatus, created with several shotgun libraries. The final assembly is 760 Mb in size, with a BUSCO score of 97.8%, a 30.85% GC, and an N50 of 2.35 Mb. We estimated 36,189 proteins with 37.32% assigned to Gene Ontology (GO) terms in our GO annotation analysis. We mapped venom toxin genes to 18 contigs and 2 scaffolds. We were also able to identify expression differences between venom gland (telson) and body tissue (carapace) with 19 sodium toxin and 14 potassium toxin genes to 18 contigs and 2 scaffolds. This assembly, along with our transcriptomic data, provides further data to investigate scorpion venom genomics.


Yamashita, T., Rhoads, D. D., & Pummill, J. A robust genome assembly with transcriptomic data from the striped bark scorpion, Centruroides vittatus. G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics. https://doi.org/10.1093/g3journal/jkae120