Olfactory learning in two Amblypygi species Paraphrynus laevifrons and Phrynus pseudoparvulus

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  Olfactory learning in two Amblypygi species Paraphrynus laevifrons and Phrynus pseudoparvulus Abstract A wide diversity of arthropod taxa have demonstrated the capacity for learning, but most of our current understanding comes from only a select subset of this highly diverse clade, with most studies focusing on various insect groups. Amblypygids (Order Amblypygi, Class Arachnida), however, are emerging as a model group for studying sensory integration and the neural substrates associated with learning and memory, especially as it relates to navigation. These nocturnal creatures possess specialized sensory appendages and one of the largest and most complex mushroom bodies - the part of the arthropod brain associated with learning and memory - of any arthropod. Prior field studies on multiple species demonstrate sophisticated homing abilities while laboratory-based behavioral assays in  Phrynus marginemaculatus  confirm olfactory-based learning associated with a refuge. I...

Review of the American genus Bolostromus Ausserer, 1875 with the description of fourteen new species (Araneae, Cyrtaucheniidae)

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Review of the American genus Bolostromus Ausserer, 1875 with the description of fourteen new species (Araneae, Cyrtaucheniidae)

Abstract

The family Cyrtaucheniidae is seldom found in the Americas, only 10 species are known to occur. Herein we described fourteen new species for the family Cyrtaucheniidae, all belonging to the genus Bolostromus from Central America and South America: Bolostromus busu n. sp. (female); B. devriesi n. sp. (female); B. epiphyticus n. sp. (male, female); B. fonsecai n. sp. (male); B. hubeni n. sp. (male, female); B. italoi n. sp. (female); B. laheredia n. sp. (male); B. losrios n. sp. (male); B. nischki n. sp. (male); B. urku n. sp. (male), B. primus n. sp. (male); B. pristirana n. sp. (male); B. stridulator n. sp. (male), and B. valdivia n. sp. (female). Photographs of the type specimens of: Bolostromus fauna (male and female); Bolostromus gaujoni (male); B. holguinensis (female juvenile); B. insularis (female juvenile); B. pulchripes (female); B. riveti (male) and, B. venustus (female) are provided, as well as a distribution map of all species.

  • NADINE DUPÉRRÉMuseum of Nature Hamburg; Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB); Center for Taxonomy and Morphology; Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3; Hamburg; Germany Research Associate; American Museum of Natural History; New York; NY; U.S.A.https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-878X