Ziyuglycoside I Attenuates Deinagkistrodon acutus Venom–Induced Injury in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells by Modulating PAR1–NLRP3–IL-1β Signaling

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  Ziyuglycoside I Attenuates Deinagkistrodon acutus Venom–Induced Injury in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells by Modulating PAR1–NLRP3–IL-1β Signaling Abstract Introduction Sanguisorba officinalis L. ( Di Yu ) has traditionally been used for snakebite treatment. Ziyuglycoside I, a major bioactive constituent of Di Yu , exhibits anti-inflammatory activity, but its role in snake venom-associated renal injury remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate its potential protective effects against Deinagkistrodon acutus venom (DAV)-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury in vitro. Methods HK-2 cells were exposed to DAV to establish an in vitro renal tubular epithelial injury model. Cellular metabolic activity and intracellular ATP levels were assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 and CellTiter-Glo assays, respectively. DAV-induced molecular alterations were examined by transcriptomic sequencing, bioinformatic analysis, western blotting, and qRT-PCR. PAR1 knockdown and pharmacological...

New species and records of Zora C.L. Koch, 1847 (Araneae, Miturgidae) from Armenia

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New species and records of Zora C.L. Koch, 1847 (Araneae, Miturgidae) from Armenia

Abstract

New taxonomic and faunistic data on the miturgid spider genus Zora C.L. Koch, 1847 in Armenia are provided. Two species, Z. armeniaca sp. nov. (♂♀) and Z. bicoloripes sp. nov. (♂), are described as new to science and illustrated, and two species, Z. pardalis Simon, 1878 and Z. spinimana (Sundevall, 1833), are newly recorded from Armenia.

Zamani A, Kosyan A, Marusik YM (2026) New species and records of Zora C.L. Koch, 1847 (Araneae, Miturgidae) from Armenia. ZooKeys 1287: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1287.203444