Ziyuglycoside I Attenuates Deinagkistrodon acutus Venom–Induced Injury in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells by Modulating PAR1–NLRP3–IL-1β Signaling

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  Ziyuglycoside I Attenuates Deinagkistrodon acutus Venom–Induced Injury in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells by Modulating PAR1–NLRP3–IL-1β Signaling Abstract Introduction Sanguisorba officinalis L. ( Di Yu ) has traditionally been used for snakebite treatment. Ziyuglycoside I, a major bioactive constituent of Di Yu , exhibits anti-inflammatory activity, but its role in snake venom-associated renal injury remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate its potential protective effects against Deinagkistrodon acutus venom (DAV)-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury in vitro. Methods HK-2 cells were exposed to DAV to establish an in vitro renal tubular epithelial injury model. Cellular metabolic activity and intracellular ATP levels were assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 and CellTiter-Glo assays, respectively. DAV-induced molecular alterations were examined by transcriptomic sequencing, bioinformatic analysis, western blotting, and qRT-PCR. PAR1 knockdown and pharmacological...

First host record of the alien spider wasp Lissocnemis brevipennis (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) with the previous host records of non-nesting parasitoid Pompilidae

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First host record of the alien spider wasp Lissocnemis brevipennis (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) with the previous host records of non-nesting parasitoid Pompilidae

ABSTRACT

The biology of the non-native Japanese spider wasp Lissocnemis brevipennis (Cameron) (Ctenocerinae, Pompilidae) is treated herein. Its host, as well as the host-searching behaviour, and the host development after paralysis by the spider wasp are reported. The host is an adult female purseweb spider, Calommata signata (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Atypidae). Because the host was paralysed completely and its paralysis continued for about a month, it would be reasonable to consider that the wasp is an idiobiont parasitoid of the spider. This is not only the first biological record for this species, but also only the second biological record for the subfamily Ctenocerinae.

Hideki Oba , Akira Shimizu , Jin Yoshimura , Edgard Gros & James P. Pitts (2026) First host record of the alien spider wasp Lissocnemis brevipennis (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) with the previous host records of non-nesting parasitoid Pompilidae, Journal of Natural History, 60:29-32, 1715-1725, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2026.2696477 https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2026.2696477