On a new genus of dwarf tarantulas (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Theraphosidae) endemic from Peru: evidence from morphology and molecular phylogeny, with description of three new species

Posted by
  On a new genus of dwarf tarantulas ( Araneae : Mygalomorphae : Theraphosidae ) endemic from Peru: evidence from morphology and molecular phylogeny, with description of three new species Abstract Recent field campaigns conducted in Peru along with the examination of museum specimens allowed us to identify small tarantulas that do not fit with any known Theraphosidae genera. Morphology and additional molecular evidence from the mitochondrial gene COI led us to propose Kiskalla gen. nov . from southern Peru, at Puno region. Three new species of Kiskalla gen. nov . ( K. ignacioi sp. nov ., K. yeisoni sp. nov . and K. zukuapasanka sp. nov .) are herein described, diagnosed and illustrated. Kiskalla gen. nov . differs from the known Theraphosinae genera in the presence of lateral stripes on the abdomen and a small dorsal arrowhead-shaped patch of type III urticating setae, presence of a large number of spines on all legs, short and stout setae on the dorsal metatarsi encirc...

Combining Thiophene-Triazole Hybrids with Bothropic Antivenom to Enhance Its Inhibitory Effect Against the Coagulant Activity of Bothrops Jararaca, B. Neuwiedi, and B. Jararacussu Snake Venoms

Posted by

 

By Leandro Avelar - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=49733697

Combining Thiophene-Triazole Hybrids with Bothropic Antivenom to Enhance Its Inhibitory Effect Against the Coagulant Activity of Bothrops Jararaca, B. Neuwiedi, and B. Jararacussu Snake Venoms

Abstract


Introduction:  Snakebite envenomation causes approximately 5 million incidents, 130,000 deaths, and 400,000 amputations annually worldwide. Thus, the objective of this work was to assess the ability of 16 thiophene-triazole hybrid compounds (– and –) to inhibit the coagulant activity of , , and  venoms in combination with commercial antibothropic antivenom.

Method:

In the experimental prevention protocol, human plasma or commercial fibrinogen was incubated for 60 seconds at 37°C with the study compounds, with or without antivenom, followed by the addition of snake venoms. In the treatment protocol, each venom was incubated with plasma or fibrinogens for 60 seconds at 37°C, and then the study compounds, with or without antivenom, were added to the medium. Clotting was monitored using a digital coagulometer.

Results:

The study compounds inhibited the coagulation of plasma and fibrinogen caused by  venom under both protocols, but they did not inhibit  venom under the treatment protocol. Overall, the coagulation inhibition was more effective when the study compounds were mixed with antivenom, and some compounds achieved complete prevention of venom-induced coagulation.

Discussion:

A combination of compounds with antivenom enhanced efficacy in preventing the coagulant activity of  venoms.

Conclusion:

A drug cocktail comprising the most active compounds mixed with antivenom may be a promising strategy to improve the treatment of envenomation by these snake species.


de Oliveira, B. B., Sanchez, E. F., Portella, D. P., Ferreira, V. F., de Carvalho da Silva, F., Gomes Gonzaga, D. T., & Fuly, A. L. (2026). Combining thiophene-triazole hybrids with bothropic antivenom to enhance its inhibitory effect against the coagulant activity of Bothrops jararaca, B. neuwiedi, and B. jararacussu snake venoms. Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.2174/0115680266460346260318041601