Post-traumatic phenomena secondary to snakebite envenomation: a psychiatric clinical perspective

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  Post-traumatic phenomena secondary to snakebite envenomation: a psychiatric clinical perspective Abstract Snakebite envenomation represents a major global public health concern. Beyond physical outcomes suffered by the patients, studies have documented significant psychiatric and psychological sequelae. Consequently, there is an urgent need to document and intervene the psychiatric/psychological sequelae of snakebite envenomation alongside the clinical assessment. This work presents a narrative review of the psychiatric consequences described in snakebites in several settings. In addition, it addresses the screening/detection actions focused on Post-Traumatic Phenomena from a psychiatric perspective that are useful in general and specialized medicine settings in snakebite envenomation. Millán-González, R., & Gutiérrez, J. M. (2026). Post-traumatic phenomena secondary to snakebite envenomation: A psychiatric clinical perspective. Toxicon , 109117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox...

Cloning and functional analysis of vitellogenin receptor gene PastVgR1 regulates reproduction in Pardosa astrigera (Araneae: Lycosidae): a potential target for mass rearing of predatory spiders in pest management

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Cloning and functional analysis of vitellogenin receptor gene PastVgR1 regulates reproduction in Pardosa astrigera (Araneae: Lycosidae): a potential target for mass rearing of predatory spiders in pest management

Abstract

Spiders are major predatory natural enemies in agricultural and forest ecosystems and play an important role in pest control. The vitellogenin receptor (VgR) mediates the endocytosis of vitellogenin (Vg) into developing oocytes, providing essential nutrients for embryogenesis and playing a critical role in insect reproductive processes. In this study, A VgR gene was cloned from adult female Pardosa astrigera (L. Koch) and designated as PastVgR1. The open reading frame of PastVgR1 is 5,337 bp in length and encodes a protein of 1,779 amino acids, with a predicted molecular weight of 197.8 kDa. Sequence analysis revealed that the PastVgR1 protein possesses an N-terminal signal peptide consisting of the first 17 amino acid residues and contains conserved domains characteristic of the LDLR superfamily. RT-qPCR analysis showed that PastVgR1 expression was highly specific to the ovaries, with the highest levels in virgin females. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated silencing of PastVgR1 significantly prolonged the pre-oviposition period, caused ovarian atrophy and oocyte dispersion, reduced both the number of eggs laid per female and the hatching rate, and delayed ovarian development. In summary, PastVgR1 represents a promising molecular target for enhancing the mass rearing of predatory spiders used in biological pest management. Optimizing the large-scale production of these natural enemies could lower the cost of biological control and ultimately support the development of sustainable, green agriculture.

Shen, F., Zhai, S., Wang, X., Jin, X., Cui, C., Ren, B., Zhang, X., Ma, M., Rieger, M. A., Li, X., & Li, R. Cloning and functional analysis of vitellogenin receptor gene PastVgR1 regulates reproduction in Pardosa astrigera (Araneae: Lycosidae): A potential target for mass rearing of predatory spiders in pest management. Journal of Economic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toag092