Differential Hematotoxic Activity of Southeast Asian Pit Viper Venoms: The Cross-Neutralizing Effect of Available Antivenoms

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  Image Credit: Creative Commons (some rights reserved) CC BY-NC Photo 111998430, (c) Nicholas Hess Differential Hematotoxic Activity of Southeast Asian Pit Viper Venoms: The Cross-Neutralizing Effect of Available Antivenoms Abstract Background/Objectives : Pit vipers (subfamily Crotalinae) are responsible for a large proportion of snakebite envenoming cases in Southeast Asia. Envenomation by these snakes commonly causes hematotoxic effects, including platelet dysfunction and coagulation disturbances. Although antivenom remains the mainstay of treatment, species-specific antivenoms are not available for several regional pit viper species. This study evaluated the hematotoxic activities of selected Southeast Asian pit viper venoms and the cross-neutralizing capacity of commercially available antivenoms.  Methods : Venoms from five medically important pit viper species— Calloselasma rhodostoma ,  Trimeresurus albolabris ,  T. hageni ,  T. purpureomaculatus , ...

Systematic study of the Ageniellini spider wasp genus Machaerothrix Haupt (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) from Japan and Southeast Asia

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Systematic study of the Ageniellini spider wasp genus Machaerothrix Haupt (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) from Japan and Southeast Asia

ABSTRACT

A systematic study of Machaerothrix Haupt from Japan and Southeast Asia was conducted. The description of the genus is revised. The female and male of M. tsushimensis natsumiae subsp. n. from Honshu, Japan, the female of M. malaysiensis sp. n. from Malaysia, the male of M. tsushimensis tsushimensis Yasumatsu from Tsushima Is. Japan, and the female of M. quadridentata (Tsuneki) from the Philippines are described for the first time. The female of M. tsushimensis tsushimensis and the male of M. quadridentata are redescribed. A key to all the known species of the genus is presented. The distribution, nesting and social behaviour of the genus are discussed.

Shimizu, A., Kim, J. K., Handa, H., Otsui, K., Yoshimura, J., & Pitts, J. P. (2026). Systematic study of the Ageniellini spider wasp genus Machaerothrix Haupt (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) from Japan and Southeast Asia. Journal of Natural History, 60(13–16), 763–790. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2026.2627505