Qualitative and Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Venoms from Mexican Rattlesnakes

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  Qualitative and Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Venoms from Mexican Rattlesnakes Abstract Despite the vast biodiversity of Mexican vipers, venom of endemic species has been barely studied. Here we analyzed the venom composition of three endemic species of rattlesnakes: Crotalus aquilus , C. triseriatus , and C. ravus . We used quantitative chromato-mass-spectrometry and compared venoms with C. molossus , a species commonly found in North America, in a comparative and phylogenetic framework. In total, we identified 165 proteins grouped in 19 main protein families, consistent with previous reports for viperid venoms. In C. aquilus and C. triseriatus , the most predominant protein-family type was Serine Proteases, and in C. triseriatus and C. molossus it was Snake Venom Metalloproteases. The Label-free quantification revealed a high proportion of Snake Venom Metalloproteases in C. aquilus , C. triseriatus , and C. molossus , reaching 28–47% of the total venom. In contrast, in ...

The complete mitochondrial genome of Erigone atra Blackwall, 1833 (Araneae, Linyphiidae)

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The complete mitochondrial genome of Erigone atra Blackwall, 1833 (Araneae, Linyphiidae)

Abstract

The mitochondrial genome of Erigone atra Blackwell, Citation1833 has been completely sequenced and annotated for the first time. This species is found primarily in the continental north-temperate zone and has also been reported from the Galapagos Islands where it is likely an adventive species. For two specimens collected in the Czech Republic, DNA was extracted using a Qiagen DNEasy Blood and Tissue kit, then sequenced on an Illumina NovaSeq 6000 for 250 bp paired-end reads. Contigs were assembled in SPAdes and a rough draft mitogenome extracted from the resulting contigs that was used as the seed for de novo assembly using GetOrganelle. The mitogenome was annotated using MITOS2 and by comparing to other species in the order Araneae. The male mitogenome is 14,251 bp and the female’s is14,504 bp, including 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, 13 protein coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and a control region. Results of phylogenetic analysis confirm this species as sister to species in the family Araneidae, and this species and the araneids as sister to the RTA clade. These are the first sequenced and completely annotated mitogenomes for this species and the family Linyphiidae.

Patrick, L. B., & Santos, S. R. (2025). The complete mitochondrial genome of Erigone atra Blackwall, 1833 (Araneae, Linyphiidae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B, 10(12), 1243–1248. https://doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2025.2594297