Soil Preference and Burrow Characteristics of Two Theraphosidae Species in Penang Island, Malaysia

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  Soil Preference and Burrow Characteristics of Two Theraphosidae Species in Penang Island, Malaysia Abstract Tarantulas play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance by regulating insect populations. However, little is known about the soil preferences and burrow structures of tarantulas in Malaysia. This study aims to determine the soil preference as well as the burrow structure of  Coremiocnemis cunciularia  and  Chilobrachys andersoni  from Penang Island. The soil characteristics of the soil samples collected around the burrows of  Coremiocnemis cunciularia  (n = 30) and  Chilobrachys andersoni  (n = 30) were determined using soil texture analysis. The measurements and burrow structures from adults and juveniles of  Coremiocnemis cunciularia  and  Chilobrachys andersoni  were determined. It was revealed that the moisture content and clay percentage in the soil samples around burrows of  Chilobrachys anderso...

Reproductive behavior of the ogre-faced spider, Deinopis cf. cylindracea (Araneae: Deinopidae), in its natural habitat

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Reproductive behavior of the ogre-faced spider, Deinopis cf. cylindracea (Araneae: Deinopidae), in its natural habitat

Abstract

In the present study, the reproductive behavior of a representative of the Deinopidae family, Deinopis cf. cylindracea C. L. Koch, 1846, is described for the first time. The behavioral aspects observed were the construction of the male's sperm web, male's approach to fertilization, and end of the couple's pairing. As soon as a male found a female, he began sperm induction. The sperm web is a Y-shaped web, whose internal space forms a flat surface onto which the male deposits his gametes. Sperm were then collected by his copulatory bulbs from the opposite side of the web. After transferring the sperm drops to the pedipalp, the male walked towards the female, approaching her from the dorsal-abdominal region using the dragline thread of the web. The male used his legs to touch both the web and female spider, inducing the female to let go, and positioned her ventral region towards his cephalothorax. The couple hung upside down; the female was suspended by a thread, her cephalothorax perpendicular to the floor. In this position, the male inserted the embolus of the copulatory bulb into the female epigynum and transferred the sperm. The male separated quickly by extending his legs and moving away, returning to an uppermost position in relation to the female. The female, in turn, returned to the prey-ready posture, clipping the capture net again and positioning herself in the same manner as before the reproductive behavior.

German Antonio Villanueva-Bonilla, Vanessa Stefani, Rafael Pereira da Ponte, João Vasconcellos-Neto "Reproductive behavior of the ogre-faced spider, Deinopis cf. cylindracea (Araneae: Deinopidae), in its natural habitat," The Journal of Arachnology, 53(2), 100-104, (17 September 2025) https://doi.org/10.1636/JoA-S-24-009