Differential Hematotoxic Activity of Southeast Asian Pit Viper Venoms: The Cross-Neutralizing Effect of Available Antivenoms

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  Image Credit: Creative Commons (some rights reserved) CC BY-NC Photo 111998430, (c) Nicholas Hess Differential Hematotoxic Activity of Southeast Asian Pit Viper Venoms: The Cross-Neutralizing Effect of Available Antivenoms Abstract Background/Objectives : Pit vipers (subfamily Crotalinae) are responsible for a large proportion of snakebite envenoming cases in Southeast Asia. Envenomation by these snakes commonly causes hematotoxic effects, including platelet dysfunction and coagulation disturbances. Although antivenom remains the mainstay of treatment, species-specific antivenoms are not available for several regional pit viper species. This study evaluated the hematotoxic activities of selected Southeast Asian pit viper venoms and the cross-neutralizing capacity of commercially available antivenoms.  Methods : Venoms from five medically important pit viper species— Calloselasma rhodostoma ,  Trimeresurus albolabris ,  T. hageni ,  T. purpureomaculatus , ...

First Record of Steatoda trianguloides Levy, 1991 (Araneae: Theridiidae) in Spain

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First Record of Steatoda trianguloides Levy, 1991 (Araneae: Theridiidae) in Spain

Abstract

This paper reports the first record of Steatoda trianguloides in Spain, extending its known distribution range. The study is complemented by a map showing the current records of the species. Additionally, an analysis of the dorsal patterns and genitalia of both male and female specimens is provided, including illustrations and photographs. 

Pablo Olivares1 Javier Sánchez-Álvarez2 & Miguel H. Martínez3, (2025). PRIMERA CITA DE STEATODA TRIANGULOIDES LEVY, 1991 (ARANEAE: THERIDIIDAE) PARA ESPAÑA. Revista Ibérica de Aracnología, nº 46 (30/06/2025): 94–96. Grupo Ibérico de Aracnología (S.E.A.). ISSN: 1576 - 9518.