A pseudoscorpion clinging to a cave salamander: phoresy or failed predation?

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  A pseudoscorpion clinging to a cave salamander: phoresy or failed predation? Abstract Pseudoscorpions are well known for phoretic associations with arthropods, but interactions with amphibians are rarely documented. Here we report a pseudoscorpion attached to the left palpebral region of an adult male Italian cave salamander, Speleomantes italicus , observed during a visual survey in a karst cave in Tuscany, Italy. The pseudoscorpion, assigned on the basis of visible morphology and locality to Chthonius cf. elongatus , was grasping a minute cutaneous fold on the lower margin of the left upper eyelid with one chela while the salamander moved slowly over the rock surface. No handling was performed and the initial contact between the two animals was not observed. The event therefore cannot be interpreted unambiguously, but may represent opportunistic phoresy or defensive attachment following a failed predation attempt. To our knowledge, this is the first published observation of a ...

Attack on Titan: a record of predation on the Chinese reddish mantis Hierodula chinensis (Mantodea, Mantidae) by the orb-web weaving spider Gibbaranea abscissa (Araneae, Araneidae)

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Attack on Titan: a record of predation on the Chinese reddish mantis Hierodula chinensis (Mantodea, Mantidae) by the orb-web weaving spider Gibbaranea abscissa (Araneae, Araneidae)

Abstract

Prey–predator interaction is a phenomenon important to our understanding of community dynamics. Mantises and web-weaving spiders are predators that belong to the same guild, and they can be each other’s predator and prey. However, their relationship is generally asymmetrical, with spiders often being the prey of the mantises. Here, we report a rare opposite case in which an adult female mantis, Hierodula chinensis Werner, 1929, was preyed upon by the orb-web weaving spider Gibbaranea abscissa (Karsch, 1879), without using a web, in a late autumn field in Japan. We suggest that differences in cold tolerance allowed the small spider to hunt a mantis prey that was approximately eight times its size.

Yamasaki K, Baba YG (2025) Attack on Titan: a record of predation on the Chinese reddish mantis Hierodula chinensis (Mantodea, Mantidae) by the orb-web weaving spider Gibbaranea abscissa (Araneae, Araneidae). Journal of Orthoptera Research 34(1): 131-134. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.34.122095