First insights into the role of evolutionary history in shaping venom composition of Vipera ammodytes

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  First insights into the role of evolutionary history in shaping venom composition of Vipera ammodytes Abstract Understanding intraspecific venom variation requires distinguishing the contributions of neutral population history from natural selection. This study aims to determine whether venom variation in the Vipera ammodytes species complex is structured across eight phylogenetic lineages. Despite a complex evolutionary history, venom composition did not differ among phylogenetic units within the analytical framework used, suggesting that shared ancestry alone does not explain venom variation. Whether local adaptation to environmental conditions explains the observed variation remains an open question for future studies. Lakušić, M., Piccoli, C., Anđelković, M., Andonov, K., Burić, I., Brito, J. C., Dyugmedzhiev, A., Merdan, S., Schmid, L., Tzoras, E., Florian-Hempel, B., & Martínez-Freiría, F. (2026). First insights into the role of evolutionary history in shaping venom co...

And they just keep coming: four new genera of dark sac spiders from southern Africa (Araneae, Trachelidae)

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And they just keep coming: four new genera of dark sac spiders from southern Africa (Araneae, Trachelidae)

Abstract

As part of ongoing revisions of the Afrotropical Trachelidae, four new genera are described from southern Africa: Foordana gen. nov., with F. distincta sp. nov. from South Africa (Eastern Cape, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal and Western Cape) as the type species, F. flavipoda sp. nov. from the Free State, F. kasouga sp. nov. from the Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal, and a fourth undescribed species from Zimbabwe; the monotypic Mushimane gen. nov., with M. tswibilinki sp. nov. from KwaZulu-Natal as the type species; Namaquella gen. nov., with N. arida sp. nov. from the Northern Cape as the type species and N. samanthae sp. nov. from the Western Cape; and Rukuluk gen. nov. from South Africa, with R. gramineus sp. nov. from the Northern Cape as the type species and a second undescribed species from KwaZulu-Natal known only from juveniles.

Haddad CR (2025) And they just keep coming: four new genera of dark sac spiders from southern Africa (Araneae, Trachelidae). African Invertebrates 66(1): 19-64. https://doi.org/10.3897/AfrInvertebr.66.139299