What’s a Spider? Designation of the Neotype for the First Animal Species Ever Described, Araneus angulatus Clerck 1757 (Araneae: Araneidae)

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  What’s a Spider? Designation of the Neotype for the First Animal Species Ever Described, Araneus angulatus Clerck 1757 (Araneae: Araneidae) Abstract We designate a neotype for the Eurasian spider species Araneus angulatus Clerck, 1757, thereby fixing the objective application of the species name, the genus name Araneus Clerck 1757, the family name Araneidae Clerck 1757, and the superfamily name Araneoidea Clerck 1757. By etymology and arachnological tradition, it also unofficially fixes the application of the ordinal name Araneae Clerck 1757 and thus answers the uncontroversial question, “What’s a spider?” A. angulatus also happens to be historically the first animal species ever described because Clerck (1757) has priority over Linnaeus (1758). Neotype designation is justified for three reasons: the syntypes of A. angulatus are lost; “ A. angulatus ” contains significant COI sequence divergence, potentially representing intraspecific variation, misidentifications, or as many...

Taxonomic revision of the genus Homoeomma Ausserer, 1871 (Araneae; Theraphosidae) in Chile, with description of four new species.

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Taxonomic revision of the genus Homoeomma Ausserer, 1871 (Araneae; Theraphosidae) in Chile, with description of four new species.

Abstract

The diversity and distribution of the genus Homoeomma Ausserer, 1871 in Chile is updated. Four new species are de- scribed: H. toriyamai sp. nov. (♂♀) and H. minimum sp. nov. (♂♀) from the Metropolitan Region, H. poqui sp. nov. (♂♀) from the Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region 
and H. espinozai sp. nov. (♂) from the La Araucanía Region. New distribution rec- ords are given for H. chilense and H. orellanai. Finally, an identification key for the Homoeomma species present in Chile is provided, as well as a distribution map.

Resumen 

Se actualiza la diversidad y distribución del género Homoeomma Ausserer, 1871 en Chile. Cuatro nuevas especies son descritas: H. toriyamai sp. nov. (♂♀) y H. minimum sp. nov. (♂♀) de la Región Metropolitana, H. poqui sp. nov. (♂♀) de la Región del Libertador General Bernardo O´Higgins y H. espinozai sp. nov. (♂) de la Región de La Araucanía. Nuevos registros de dis- tribución para H. chilense y H. orellanai son dados. Finalmente, se proporciona una clave de identificación para las especies de Homoeomma presentes en Chile, así como un mapa de distribución.


Rubén Montenegro Vargas & Milenko A. Aguilera . (2024). REVISIÓN TAXONÓMICA DEL GÉNERO HOMOEOMMA AUSSERER, 1871 (ARANEAE; THERAPHOSIDAE) EN CHILE, CON DESCRIPCIÓN DE CUATRO NUEVAS ESPECIES. Revista Ibérica de Aracnología. 44. 85-96. 
Revista Ibérica de Aracnología, nº 44 (30/06/2024): 85–96. ARTÍCULO
Grupo Ibérico de Aracnología (S.E.A.). ISSN: 1576 - 9518.