New locality records and future habitat suitability of Sassanidotus gracilis (Birula, 1900) (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in the Iran–Afghanistan–Pakistan arid belt

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  New locality records and future habitat suitability of Sassanidotus gracilis (Birula, 1900) (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in the Iran–Afghanistan–Pakistan arid belt Abstract This study reports new locality records from Iran and a climate-based habitat suitability assessment for Sassanidotus gracilis (Birula, 1900) (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in the Iran–Afghanistan–Pakistan arid belt. We document new specimens from Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran, with an updated distribution map and illustrations, and we model the species' potential distribution across south-eastern Iran and adjacent parts of Afghanistan and Pakistan. Habitat suitability was associated mainly with precipitation seasonality, precipitation of the wettest month, precipitation of the driest month, and slope. In an arid setting these rainfall variables are unlikely to indicate a need for moist habitat; they more plausibly track seasonal productivity and the terrain features that provide shelter. Present-day suitable areas...

Molecular systematics and phylogenetics of the spider genus Mastigusa Menge, 1854 (Araneae, Cybaeidae)

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Molecular systematics and phylogenetics of the spider genus Mastigusa Menge, 1854 (Araneae, Cybaeidae)


Abstract

The palearctic spider genus Mastigusa Menge, 1854 is characterized by a remarkable morphology and wide ecological variability, with free-living, cave dwelling and myrmecophile populations known. This genus has a long and tangled taxonomic history and was placed in different families in the past, all belonging to the “marronoid clade”, an informal grouping of families characterized by the lack of strong synapomorphies. Three species are currently recognized, but their identity and circumscription has been long debated. A molecular approach was never applied for trying to solve these uncertainties, and doubts still remain both about its phylogenetic placement and about the taxonomic status of the described species. For the first time the genus Mastigusa is included in a molecular phylogenetic analysis and strong support is found for its placement within the family Cybaeidae, in sister relationship with the genus Cryphoeca Thorell, 1870. An analysis of Mastigusa populations spanning across the distribution range of the genus identifies a high and previously overlooked genetic diversity, with six distinct genetic lineages showing a strong geographic pattern. Divergence times between Mastigusa and its sister genus and between the distinct Mastigusa lineages are estimated, and the groundwork is laid for a taxonomic revision of the species belonging to the genus.


Filippo Castellucci, Nikolaj Scharff, Andrea Luchetti, Molecular systematics and phylogenetics of the spider genus Mastigusa Menge, 1854 (Araneae, Cybaeidae), Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Volume 186, 2023, 107833, ISSN 1055-7903, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107833. 

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790323001331)