Big Spider, Big Genome: Chromosome-level genome of a North American tarantula (Aphonopelma marxi) and comparative genomics across 300 million years of spider evolution

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  Image Credit: WikiCommons Big Spider, Big Genome: Chromosome-level genome of a North American tarantula (Aphonopelma marxi) and comparative genomics across 300 million years of spider evolution Abstract The comparison of chromosome-level genomes allows biologists to investigate new axes of organismal evolution. Spiders comprise a significant proportion of known arachnid diversity, with many complex morphologies and unique natural histories, yet comparative genomics in spiders has been limited due to the number of available genomes. We present a de novo chromosomal reference genome of a mature male tarantula, Aphonopelma marxi, and comparatively examine spider genome evolution across the Order Araneae. Using PacBio HiFi and Hi-C sequencing, the final 6.5 Gb assembly consists of 17 autosomes, 1 X chromosome, and 127 unplaced scaffolds, with an N50 of 370 Mb and Arachnida (odb10; 2934 genes) BUSCO of 96.7%. By comparing 20 additional spider genomes from 15 families, we find mygalomo...

Intraguild predation by two species of Hottentotta (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in Pakistan

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Intraguild predation by two species of Hottentotta (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in Pakistan



Abstract


Intraguild predation constitute an important ecological interaction in many ecosystems. We report two cases of intraguild predation involving scorpion as predator of centipede and assassin bug (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) during a nocturnal search for scorpions in Pakistan. In first case, Hottentotta jalalabadensis scorpion was found on rocks feeding a scolopendromorph centipede. On second, H. alticola individual was found with an assassin bug in their pedipalps and chelicerae also on rocks. In both cases when disturbed, the scorpion tries to flee to rock crevices without releasing its prey. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of intraguild interactions involving Pakistani scorpions. Depredación intragremial por dos especies de Hottentotta (Scorpiones: Buthidae) en Pakistán 


Resumen

La depredación intragremial constituye una importante interacción ecológica en muchos ecosistemas. Se reportan dos casos de depredación dentro de un gremio que involucran a escorpiones como depredadores de ciempiés y chinches asesinas (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) durante una búsqueda nocturna de escorpiones en Pakistán. En el primer caso, el escorpión Hottentotta jalalabadensis fue encontrado en las rocas alimentándose de un ciempiés escolopendromorfo. En segundo lugar, se encontró un individuo de H. alticola con una chinche asesina en sus pedipalpos y quelíceros, también en rocas. En ambos casos, cuando se sintió molestado, el escorpión intentó huir hacia las grietas de las rocas, sin soltar a su presa. Hasta donde sabemos, este es el primer informe de interacciones entre gremios que involucran escorpiones pakistaníes.


Muhammad Jawad, Sahibzada & Lira, André & De, Felipe & Lira², Araujo & Muhammad, & Sobia, Zahid¹ & Khan¹, Khalid. (2023). Intraguild predation by two species of Hottentotta (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in Pakistan. ResearchGate