Post-traumatic phenomena secondary to snakebite envenomation: a psychiatric clinical perspective

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  Post-traumatic phenomena secondary to snakebite envenomation: a psychiatric clinical perspective Abstract Snakebite envenomation represents a major global public health concern. Beyond physical outcomes suffered by the patients, studies have documented significant psychiatric and psychological sequelae. Consequently, there is an urgent need to document and intervene the psychiatric/psychological sequelae of snakebite envenomation alongside the clinical assessment. This work presents a narrative review of the psychiatric consequences described in snakebites in several settings. In addition, it addresses the screening/detection actions focused on Post-Traumatic Phenomena from a psychiatric perspective that are useful in general and specialized medicine settings in snakebite envenomation. Millán-González, R., & Gutiérrez, J. M. (2026). Post-traumatic phenomena secondary to snakebite envenomation: A psychiatric clinical perspective. Toxicon , 109117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox...

From Venom-to-Vial-to-Pill: The Translational Journey of GLP-1 Peptides and the Evolving Landscape of Biopharmaceutics Modeling

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From Venom-to-Vial-to-Pill: The Translational Journey of GLP-1 Peptides and the Evolving Landscape of Biopharmaceutics Modeling

ABSTRACT

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have become an important therapeutic option for metabolic disorders. Their development, from the early identification of exendin-4 in Gila-monster venom to the creation of long-acting analogues and the first oral peptide, marks a significant step in translational drug design. Each generation resolved issues of enzymatic instability, rapid clearance, and low permeability. These gains stemmed from improvements in acylation, fusion-protein engineering, and sodium N-(8-[2-hydroxybenzoyl]amino)caprylate (SNAC)–enabled absorption. This review integrates molecular evolution, formulation advances, and biopharmaceutics modeling, including physiologically based biopharmaceutics modeling (PBBM), to illustrate emerging strategies shaping next-generation oral peptide therapeutics.

Madny, M. A., & Murthy, A. (2026). From Venom-to-Vial-to-Pill: The Translational Journey of GLP-1 Peptides and the Evolving Landscape of Biopharmaceutics Modeling. Journal of Peptide Science, 32(4), e70092. https://doi.org/10.1002/psc.70092