Revision of Bermejoa panguana Portela & Ríos-Tamayo 2025 and Vitriemboli herzogi (Gabriel, Sherwood & Pérez-Miles 2023) (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae)

Posted by
  Revision of Bermejoa panguana Portela & Ríos-Tamayo 2025 and Vitriemboli herzogi (Gabriel, Sherwood & Pérez-Miles 2023) (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae) Abstract Bermejoa panguana Portela & Ríos-Tamayo 2025 is revised and considered a nomen nudum. This species was described in violation of ICZN rules and the recommenda-tions of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), and the accepted standards of scientific best practice, the description of the male holotype, the name bearing type, is missing. According to Article 13, the description section is mandatory for new species. Vitriemboli herzogi (Gabriel, Sherwood Pérez-Miles 2023), species inquirenda, is provisionally transferred back to Reversopelma Schmidt 2001 because of the presence of the type I urticating setae. The diagnosis of the genus VitriemboliPeñaherrera-R., Ríos-Tamayo, Sherwood, Gabriel, Guerrero-Campoverde, Léon-E., Mora-Bolaños & Cisneros-Heredia 2025 has been modified. Kaderk...

Deadly cures: Unlocking anticancer potential of reptile, amphibian, and arthropod venoms through molecular innovation and nanotechnology

Posted by

 


Deadly cures: Unlocking anticancer potential of reptile, amphibian, and arthropod venoms through molecular innovation and nanotechnology

Abstract

Venoms from reptiles, amphibians, and arthropods represent a rich source of bioactive molecules with promising anticancer potential. Recent studies have highlighted the selective cytotoxicity of venom components including snake phospholipase A2 enzymes, scorpion peptides (chlorotoxin), and frog derived antimicrobial peptides against cancer cells. These molecules exert multifaceted effects, such as inducing apoptosis, inhibiting metastasis, and modulating the tumor microenvironment, thereby impairing tumor growth and progression. Advances in nanotechnology based delivery systems and peptide engineering have significantly improved the stability, bioavailability, and specificity of venom derived agents, enhancing their safety and therapeutic efficacy. Preclinical investigations demonstrate potent anticancer activity across multiple tumor models, and early clinical studies suggest translational potential. Current research continues to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying venom-mediated cytotoxicity, while formulation strategies and regulatory considerations are being optimized to facilitate clinical development. Future directions include the design of synthetic venom analogs, AI assisted drug discovery, and personalized medicine approaches, which collectively aim to harness the full therapeutic potential of venom peptides. By integrating natural bioactivity with modern biomedical technologies, venom derived compounds are emerging as a novel and promising avenue in the development of next-generation oncological therapeutics. This review provides a comprehensive overview of venom diversity, anticancer mechanisms, recent advances in formulation and delivery, and the challenges and opportunities for translating venom-based agents into clinical practice.
Shankar, P. R., & Unni, A. (2026). Deadly cures: Unlocking anticancer potential of reptile, amphibian, and arthropod venoms through molecular innovation and nanotechnology. Next Nanotechnology, 9, 100378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100378