Hidden diversity in plain sight: four new species of Nemesia (Araneae: Mygalomorphae) from the Córdoba Province of Spain

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  Hidden diversity in plain sight: four new species of Nemesia (Araneae: Mygalomorphae) from the Córdoba Province of Spain Abstract A taxonomic revision of the species of Nemesia Audouin, 1826, distributed in the vicinity of Córdoba City, southern Spain, is presented. Four new species are described: Nemesia morana sp. nov. (female), N. kodama sp. nov. (male and female), N. rosae sp. nov. (male and female), and N. tamajoni sp. nov. (male and female). These species are distinguished by distinct morphological characters, including the shape of the spermathecae, palpal bulbs, and spinnerets, as well as by burrow architecture. Fieldwork was conducted across two of the three major habitat types in the region—the humid, forested mountains of Sierra Morena and the croplands and riparian forests of the Guadalquivir Valley—while the third, the “campiña”, which is mainly composed of agricultural landscapes, remains poorly explored. Sampling methods included pitfall trapping and the direct e...

Antivenom Choice in the Management of Snake Envenomation

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Antivenom Choice in the Management of Snake Envenomation

For the first time, clinicians now have a choice between two antivenoms when treating all North American pit vipers, including rattlesnakes, copperheads and cottonmouths. This convenience of choice has brought with it the natural question, and subsequent debate, on which antivenom is superior.

Spyres, M.B., Ruha, AM. Antivenom Choice in the Management of Snake Envenomation. J. Med. Toxicol. 21, 375–376 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13181-025-01100-w