In vitro evaluation of venom extracts of Sphecid wasps against phytopathogens of horticultural crops and mass spectrometric profiling of venom peptide components

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  In vitro evaluation of venom extracts of Sphecid wasps against phytopathogens of horticultural crops and mass spectrometric profiling of venom peptide components Abstract As the shortcomings of synthetic chemicals become gradually evident, the dynamics of pest and disease management in modern agriculture are progressively shifting towards environmentally safer alternatives. Biopesticides, such as peptide-based approaches offer attractive alternatives, although their potential remains yet to be fully explored. In this exploratory study, crude venom extracts from previously unexplored Hymenopteran sphecid wasps ( Chalybion bengalense , Sceliphron madraspatanum , Ammophila atriceps and Sphex argentatus ) were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against selected plant pathogens. The venom extracts demonstrated prominent antibacterial activity lacking antifungal activity. Among the wasps, C . bengalense exhibited the most significant antibacterial activity against Gram-negati...

Introducing the toxin-ID nomenclature to enable storage of venom toxin data in online repositories

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Introducing the toxin-ID nomenclature to enable storage of venom toxin data in online repositories

Abstract

The naming of venom toxins was largely ad hoc until the introduction of a rational nomenclature with a structured framework for naming venom peptides conveying taxonomic, pharmacological and structural information. Unfortunately, the resulting toxin names are susceptible to frequent name changes, necessitating a more stable nomenclature extending beyond peptides for long-term storage of toxin records in online repositories. The proposed toxin ID nomenclature includes a class-level taxonomic identifier plus a unique number within each class.
Herzig, V. (2025). Introducing the toxin-ID nomenclature to enable storage of venom toxin data in online repositories. Toxicon, 108592. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2025.108592